82

Cf. pp. 343 ff., below.

83

This apparently refers to some statement by others, not to a previous statement by Ibn Khaldun.

84

The root kharaja means "to go outside" and also "to be outside." The form used here usually means "going outside" or "departure." B actually has "departure toward leadership and nobility from a vile, humble station devoid of prestige." However, the preceding khdrijiyah "state of being outside" or "an outsider" (cf. p. 976, 1. 34, below), guarantees the accuracy of the above translation.

85

"Blind reliance upon tradition" and "exercise of independent judg­ment" are important terms of Muslim legal scholarship.

86

Qur'an 14.19 f. (22 f.); 35.16E (17 f.).

87

Cf. al-Bukhari, Sahih, II, 352, and III, 262 f., and, for a very similar version of the same saying, 11, 438, etc.

88

De Slane here makes the important observation that the addition of "powerful" in Exod. 20:5 is found only in the Vulgate, which, therefore, must have been the ultimate source of Ibn Khaldun's quotation.

89

Cf. Abul-Faraj al-Agfahani, Kitab al-Aghani, XVII, 106 f.

90

The text of the Kitab al-Aghani adds fihi, which yields the better sense: "and the 'house' belonging to his tribe rests in him."

91

Butaq reads here: "the family of Hajib b. Zurarah; and the family of Qays b.'Aqim al-Minqari, of the Banu Tamim."

92

For the Band d-Dayyan, cf. Ibn IHazm, Jamharat ansab al-'Arab, p. 391, where they are called the house of Madhhij (a Yemenite tribe) and maternal uncles of (the first 'Abbasid caliph) Abul-'Abbas as-Saffah. Cf. also Kitab al-Aghani, XVII, 105.