|
286 |
Cf. Issawi, p. 137; G. Surdon and L.
Bercher, Recueil de testes de sociologie, pp.
66-73. |
287 |
Cf. pp. 284
ff, above. |
288 |
Cf.
p. 284, above. |
289 |
Cf. pp. 187 and 322,
above. |
290 |
Cf.
Concordance, I, 7b, 1. 32,
and II, 190b,1. 28. |
291 |
Qur'an 49.13
(Is). |
292 |
Cf. p. 391, above. |
293 |
Cf. al-Bukhari, Sahih, I, 23;
Concordance, II, 557a,11. 7 ff. |
294 |
Cf.
pp. 381 and 391, above. |
295 |
Bulaq
adds: "When wrathfulness is for that purpose, it is reprehensible, ..." |
296 |
Qur'an 60.3
(3). |
297 |
Cf. pp. 322 ff, above. |
298 |
Qur'an 38.35
(34). |
299 |
Cf. pp. 391 f., above, and p.
422, below. |
300 |
The two
basic stories from which the above version was evolved are contained in
al-Baladhurti s Ansab.
Cf.
O. Pinto and G. Levi Della Vida, It
Califfo Mu'awiya I secondo il
"Kitab Ansab
al-Asiraf
"
(Rome,
1938), p. 159. Cf. also Ibn 'Abdrabbih,'Igd,11, 236. For the use of the
term kisrawl,
cf. G. E.
von Grunebaum, Islam
(Menasha, Wis., 1955), p. 36. |
301 |
Cf. pp. 266
and 283, above. 418 |
302 |
Cf.
al-Mas'udi, Muruj adh-dhahab, IV, 193; Ibn Kathir,
Bidayah,
VII, 134. |
303 |
Cf.
al-Mas'udi, IV, 336. |
304 |
Abu Musa
al-Ash'ari, 'Abdallah b. Qays, one of the most famous early Muslim
politicians. Cf. below, p. 453. |
304a |
An
innovation shortly after the death of the Prophet allegedly was the use
of sieves. Cf. al-Ghazzali, Ihya', I, 112; II, 3. Cf. also
at-Tabari, Annales, l, 3032; * I. Goldziher,
Muh. Studien, II,
25. |
305 |
Cf. his
Muruj adh-dhahab, IV, 253-55. The quotation in Ibn Khaldun is
accurate but not literal. For the subject, cf. also Ibn Hamdan,
Tadhkirah, Ch. XLIX, MS.
Topkapusaray, Ahmet III, 2948, Vol. XII, fol. 185a. |
306 |
Cf. pp.
133 and 409, above. |
306a |
Miqdad b.
al-Aswad ('Amr), who is much less prominent than the preceding
personalities, was an old Muslim. He died in 33
[653/54]. |
307 |
Munyah is
said to have been the name of Ya'la's mother, or of his grandmother (or
a more remote female ancestor). The correct form is found fully
vocalized in C. D has Munabbih, and A and B also suggest this wrong
name. Ya'la's father was Umayyah. |
308 |
Qad, from the meaning of "purposefulness" acquires the meaning of
"moderation." Both meanings apply here. Cf. p. 354 (n. 99), above. |
309 |
Cf. pp. 284
ff., above. |
310 |
Cf. Bombaci, p. 448. |
311 |
A grandson of the caliph
Abu Bakr, who
died between 720 and 730. For 'Umar's remark, cf. Ibn Sa'd, Tabaqat,
V, 140,1. 12. |
312 |
Cf. pp. 392 f. and 417, above. |
313 |
The element of Mu'awiyah's opinion
concerning Yazid is considered also below, pp. 431 and 434, though it
makes the argument here nearly pointless. This fact would remain, were
one to translate: ". . . the Umayyads would have been against him, even
though they (might have) had a good opinion of him (personally). No one
could have doubts in this respect or suspect that Mu'awiyah had other
(motives when he appointed Yazid, but the preservation of harmony)." In
favor of this translation, one may point to p. 432, I. 15, below, but
there are reasons against it. |
314 |
Cf. J. Schacht, The Origins of
Muhammadan Jurisprudence, pp. 167 f., but more can be said about
Marwan in this connection. Cf. Schacht, pp. 114, 193, 195, 197, 200, and
221. Cf. also Ibn al-'Arabi, Qawasim
(a1-'Awasim min al-gawasim)
(Cairo, 1371/1952), pp. 249 f. |
315 |
Bulaq reads: "who are known for
their probity." |
316 |
Qur'an
4.40 (44). |
317 |
Cf. Muruj adh-dhahab, VI, 161-65.
There are some omissions in the quotation but basically it is fairly
literal. Cf. also Ibn 'Abdrabbih,
'Iqd, II,
276.
The story was also cited by Abu Ijammu of Tlemcen, in his
Wasilat
as-suluk
(Tunis, 1279/1862-63), p. 128. |
318 |
Busitat
li, as in Bulaq and A (busita li), B, and C. D has
busitat lahu
which
means "Valuable carpets had been spread out for him (to sit on)." This
agrees with the printed text of al-Mas'udi, but is certainly a mistake
as far as the Ibn Khaldun tradition is concerned. |
319 |
This was one of the three sons of 'Ali's brother, Ja'far b. Abi Tilib,
presumably Muhammad, who was implicated in 'Uthmin's death, according to
at-Tabari. Ibn Kathir, Bidayah,
VII,
176,
mentions 'Abdallah b. az-Zubayr in this connection, but makes no
reference to Ibn Jafar. |
320 |
Cf.
al-Mas'udi, Muruj adh-dhahab,
IV,
299 ft. |
320a |
The verse
is ascribed to Abu 1-'Atihiyah by Ibn 'Abdrabbih,
'Iqd,
III, 285,
and by ar-Righib al-Ilfahini, Muhadarat, I,
325.
Other sources introduce it as a verse recited by the famous saint and
mystic Ibrihim b. Adham. Cf. Ibn Qutaybah,
'Uyun,
II,
330; al-Bayhaqi, Malasin,
ed. F.
Schwally (Giessen, 1902), p. 390; al-Ghazzali,
Ihya',III,
155. |
321 |
Cf.
Issawi, pp. 137 f. |
322 |
Cf. Qur'an 73.20 (20). |
|
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