109

Ibn Khaldun's early version of this and the following page was rather heavily corrected. Down to p. 368, 1. 14, the text is not yet found in Bulaq, A, or E, and still appears as a marginal addition in C.

110

Cf. 1:119 and 168, above.

111

Cf. Bombaci, p. 452.

112

Cf. 1:19, above.

113

The reference to caverns and caves is found only in C, as a marginal addition. Bulaq, A, and B have instead: "(Building activity) is found only in the temperate zones."

114

Cf. R. Dozy in Journal asiatique, XIV 6 (1869), 163.

115

"Bricks" is added in the margin of C and in the text of D.

116

This is the reading of C (in the margin) and D. The earlier texts have: "In this connection, one uses ..."

117

Leg. 'alayhima instead of 'alayha "fastened to the two boards"?

118

I.e., the pieces that have been cemented together.

119

Spanish tapia, Portuguese tappa. Cf. E. Laoust in Hespiris, XVIII (1934), 113. To connect the word with Egyptian f&b "adobe" seems plausible, but does not appear to be certain or generally accepted.

120

Cf. p. 270, above. A, B, C, and D here have az-zabaj, a form C corrects in the margin to as-sabaj.

121

The work on building laws by the Tunisian Ibn ar-Rimi (d. 734 [1334]; cf. GAL, Suppl., 11, 346), the text of which was not available to me, shows the great concern of contemporary jurists with preventing "damage" (darar) being done to a person's property. Cf. R. Brunschvig, La Berbirie orientale, II, 183.

122

Qandh does not refer here to the "subterranean conduits" but to rain gutters. This meaning is attested in Spanish usage; cf. R. Dozy, Supplement aux dictionnaires arabes, 11, 414b.

123

'inda man yarahu, lit., "with one who sees (what the matter is with) it."

124

Marakiz al-khashab, with reference to the construction technique de­scribed above, pp. 359 f.

125

Cf. pp. 347 ff, above.

126

Cf. pp. 262 f., above.

127

The reference to the word mikhal is added in the margin of C and incorporated in the text of D. Cf. n. 12 to Ch. iv, above.

128

Cf. 1:856 ff, and pp. 238 ff., above.

129

Qur'an 3.47 (42), etc.