|
156 |
Cf.
pp. 6 and 356, above. |
157 |
Cf.
Issawi, pp. 145-49. |
158 |
Cf.
pp. 947 ff., above. |
159 |
Cf.
8:802, below. |
160 |
A1-hiss. Cf. p. 886,1. 15,
below. |
161 |
This
paragraph is not found in Bulaq. In C it still appears in the
margin. |
162 |
Cf.
3:318, below. |
163 |
The
Arabic words can hardly mean (as de Slane suggested) that there
was a great difference between the two dynasties. Ibn Khaldun
probably was thinking of the supposedly brief duration of the
Lakhmid dynasty in alHirah. |
164 |
Cf. Ibn an-Nadim,
Fihrist, p. 4
(ed. Flugel); p. 7 (Cairo, 1348/1929so);
al-Suli, Adab al-kuttab
(Cairo, 1341/1922),
p. so; Ibn Khallikan, Wafayat, tr. de
Slane, II, 284, quoted by Ibn Kathir,
Biddyah, XII, 14
f. Sufyan, a brother of lfarb, is not usually
mentioned in this connection. |
165 |
The
quotation from Ibn al-Abbar is added in the margin of C, and
appears in the text of D. |
166 |
Ibn
Farrukh was born in 115 [733/34] and died in 175 1791/92] or 176
[792/93]. Cf. Ibn al-Abbar, Takmilah, ed. F. Codera
(Bibliotheca Arabico-Hispana, No. 6) (Madrid, 1889), II, 431-33;
Ibn Hajar, Tahdhib, V, 356 f. |
167 |
He
was born in 74 or 75 [693-95], or not long before that, and died
between 156 and 161 1772-78]. Cf. Ibn Hajar, Tahdhib, VI,
173 ff. For his father, cf. al-Bukhari, Ta'rikh, II 1,
315; Ibn Hajar, Tahdhib, III, 354. |
168 |
The
name occurs in the legend of Hud, as reported in at-Tabart,
Annales, ed. M. J. de Goeje et al., I, 241 f.;
al-Mas'udi, Muruj adh-dhahab, III, 295; and in
ath-Tha'labi, Qiyas al-anbiya',
but not as that of Hud's scribe. The second
verse is quoted in a somewhat different form in al-Hamdini,
Ik1il, ed. O.
Lofgren (Bibliotheca Ekmaniana, No. 58:1) (Uppsala, 1954), p.
43. For the first verse, cf. a1-Mas'udi,
Tanbih (Cairo, 1938), p. 72. |
169 |
As a
matter of fact, in the Takmilah the transmitters down to
Ibn Yunus are mentioned after the story, and those from Ibn
Yunus down to Ibn Farrukh are mentioned before it. |
170 |
Sufyan b. al-'Ali, 440-520 [1048/49-1126]. Cf. Ibn Bashkuwal,
Si1ah, ed. F. Codera (Bibliotheca Arabico-Hispana, No. 2)
(Madrid, 1883), pp. 229 f. |
171 |
Hisham b. Abmad, d. 489 [10961.
Cf. E. Levi-Provengal, La Pininsule Ibirique (Leiden, 1938), pp.
237 f. (tr.). |
172 |
Ahmad b. Mubammad, 340-429 [951/52-1038].
Cf. Ibn Bashkuwal, $ilah, pp. 47 ff. |
173 |
The historian Abu Bakr
b. Mufarrij (or Mufarraj?) al-Qubbashi studied with him. Cf. Ibn
Bashkuwal, Salah, p. 137. However, I have been unable
to identify the above person with any known bearer of this not uncommon
name. |
174 |
The well-known historian 'Abd-ar-Rahman b. Abmad b. Yunus, 281347 [894/95-958]. Cf. Ibn Kathir, Biddyah, XI,
233. The reference to him is an addition in C and is not found in D. |
175 |
Cf. 3:282, below. |
176 |
The passages quoted are from Qur'an 27.21 (21) and
51.47 (47), respectively. Cf. also p. 442, below. For the explanation
given in connection with the second passage, cf. as-Suyuti, Itqan
(Cairo, 1317/1899), II, 168. AsSuyuli's source is Abul-'Abbas al-Marrakushi
(Ibn al-Banni'), 'Unwan addalil fi marsum khatt at-tanzil. Cf.
n. 863 to Ch. ", above. This older work dealt with interpretation of
orthographic peculiarities in the Qur'an. Works such as this were
certainly the textbooks on the subject used in the environment in which Ibn Khaldun grew up. |
177 |
Cf.
pp. 348 and 356, above. |
178 |
Lit., "the sciences that have their conventional
technical terminologies." B reads al-islahiyah. |
179 |
A1-kitab,
rather than al-kuttab "secretaries." Bulaq has the simpler al-kitabah. |
180 |
This paragraph is not in Bulaq, A, or E, which have:
"The Baghdadi script had a well-known form. It was followed by the
Ifrigi script...." C originally had the same, but replaced it by the
fuller text added in the margin. |
181 |
Muhammad b. 'Ali, 272-328 [886-940]. Cf. GAL,
Suppl., I,
493 f.; M.
Torki, "Un Texte inedit attribue a Ibn Mogla," in
Actes du XVIIIe Congris International des Orientalistes (Leiden,
1932), pp. 243 f. The reference to Ibn Muqlah is a secondary addition in
C and is found in D, but it is missing in B. |
182 |
Cf.
p. 388, below. |
183 |
Ibn Khaldun uses here the expression "third century"
in the sense of "the three hundreds," i.e., the fourth century. |
184 |
He died in 698 [1298/99], or possibly some years later.
Cf. GAL, I, 353;
Suppl., I, 698; F. Krenkow in Islamic
Culture, XXII (1948), 86 f. |
185 |
He is Abul-Hasan `Ali b. Zengi, known as al-Wali
al-'Ajami. Cf. Murtada az-Zabidi, Hikmat al-ishraq ila kuttab al-afaq (Nawadir al-makhtulat, No. 5) (Cairo, 1373/1954), pp. 86, 88. |
186 |
Cf. p. 378 (n. 160), above. |
187 |
Cf. 1:xxxv f., above. |
188 |
Yafiduna, as clearly written
in B and C. |
189 |
Bulaq:
"the best representative." |
190 |
Cf. pp. 349 ff., above. |
191 |
Qur'an 13.41 (41). |
192 |
The remainder of the section is a later
addition, found in C on an inserted sheet and incorporated in the text
of D. |
193 |
He
died in 418 [1022). Cf. GAL, Suppl.,
I, 434. |
194 |
However, the meter is hamil. |
195 |
C and D:
wa-t-taghbir "being soiled with dust." |
196 |
Hardly:
"unsheathing for it a resolution ..." |
197 |
Lit., "you will
become the possessor (rabb)
of." |
198 |
That
is, this world. |
199 |
Qur'an 55.9-4 (2-5). |
200 |
Instead of mutawadi'
one would expect
mutawada 'alay(ha), in the meaning
required. |
201 |
I.e., abbreviations, both of individual words
and groups of words. |
202 |
Dhawihim, as in
C and D. |
203 |
Lit., their means of perception. |
|
|