|
63 |
Cf.
Issawi, pp. 143 f. |
64 |
Cf.
p. 347, above. |
65 |
Cf.
p. 348, above. |
66 |
Cf.
pp. 497 and 431, above. |
67 |
All
these institutions served mainly as places of study,
scholarship, and contemplation. |
68 |
Cf.
also the
Autobiography, p.
279:
"Since the old days of their masters, the Ayynbid rulers, the
members of this Turkish dynasty in Egypt and Syria have been
erecting colleges for the teaching of the sciences, and monastic
houses for the purpose of enabling the poor (Sufis) to follow
the rules for acquiring orthodox Sufi ways of behavior through
dhikr
exercises and
supererogatory prayers. They took over that (custom) from the
preceding caliphal dynasties. They set up buildings for (those
institutions as mortmain gifts) and endowed (them) with lands
that yielded income (sufficient) to provide stipends for
students and Sufi ascetics. When there was excess income, they
reserved, it to their own descendants, because they feared lest
their weak offspring should suffer want. Their example was
imitated by men of wealth and high rank under their control. As
a result, colleges and monastic houses are numerous in Cairo.
They now furnish livings for poor jurists and Sufis. This is one
of the good and permanent deeds of this Turkish
dynasty." |
69 |
Qur'an
9.47 (42), etc. |
|
|